How Does an FFL Transfer Work?

When you buy guns online, you will be prompted to supply the name of a Federal Firearms Licensee. This is someone who holds a Federal Firearms License. It can be a private citizen, a chain store, or even a local pawn shop. You will have to do an FFL transfer before you can take possession of the firearm. How does all of this work? Here is what you need to know.

What Is an FFL Transfer?

In short, an FFL transfer is changing possession of a firearm from a Federal Firearms Licensee to either another FFL holder or a customer. This could be a gun shop, which has an FFL, sending a firearm to another gun shop, or a home-based FFL. It is then transferred again to the customer. An FFL transfer has special requirements by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, or ATF. The transfers must be logged, and paperwork must be completed before the firearm can leave the FFL. When the licensed FFL transfer the firearm to a customer, the FFL must perform a background check, and the customer must complete an ATF Form 4473. FFL transfers often have a fee, and NFA items such as suppressors and short-barreled rifles may cost more.

When Do You Need to Do an FFL Transfer?

Whether you are looking at new or used guns for sale, you will need an FFL ready to do a transfer. A transfer is needed when you buy a firearm from an FFL or when it is shipped across state lines. Some states require all changes in ownership or possession of a firearm to go through an FFL. Other states allow for the private transfer of firearms. If you buy a firearm at a gun shop, the transfer is easy, as the gun shop has to be an FFL by definition. If you buy a gun online or win an auction, it will have to be shipped to an FFL in your area. Before the gun arrives, you will need to give advance notice to the FFL. It must go through an FFL if you are shipping to anyone but yourself in another state.

Getting Your Own FFL

It is possible to get your own FFL, even if you are a private citizen. There are many home-based FFLs. You will have to submit to a background check, follow other requirements, and pay a fee. If you have an FFL, you can have guns shipped to your front door. You will not have to pay transfer fees since you are doing the transfer. You can also transfer firearms to others, provided you follow the ATF’s requirements, such as keeping an accurate logbook.

Curios and Relics

Finally, there are multiple types of FFLs, such as ones that can or cannot transfer NFA items. One that might be of interest is the curio and relic license. This is much cheaper than a typical FFL but only authorizes you to transfer curio and relic firearms. These are typically 50 years and older. It allows for a direct transfer to you as a C&R FFL holder. This is perfect if you are looking to buy Browning rifles, for example, from the wild west days or surplus WWI and WWII guns.

About GunBroker.com

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